Chapter+3

 The crisis of 1789 led to widespread confusion on the part of the French Government. The people of France were becoming frusturated and became desperate for change in the Estates general.

Who is going to write a transition for this chapter? It can be read during the title page.//**
 * //Question To Group:

Estates General and Tennis Court Oath Estates General so far: Cara: The estates General was made up of three estates. The first estate was comprised of the clergy. They made up 1% of the total population. The nobles made up the second estate and accounted for 2% of French population. Together, they owned most of the land. They were exempt from taxes and held key positions in the government and the army. Their power gave them special treatment before the law. Tax burdens were placed on the people in the third estate which was made up of the bourgeoisie, sans collets, and peasants. Together, they accounted for 97% of the population. In the Estates General, each estate would have 300 representatives and the estate as a whole would get one vote each, so in the end there would be three seperate votes. The rule was that the majority ruled and seeing how the first and second estate almost always voted the same way, the third estate would get overruled every time. The estates general was called for the first time in 175 years in 1789. The kings finance minister, Jacques Necker, tried to reform the failing tax system but 'the nobles of the second estate refused to allow the king to reform the system. That is the reason why the nobles called the estates general; to preserve their powers. The majority ruled in each Estate, right? Were all nobles and ckergy of the same opinion? How many liberal nobles and clergy were there? This will be important after the Tennis Court Oath when they all vote together.//**  Megan: The estates general convened at Versailles in 1788. Each estate brought cahiers which listed the grievances of the people around the country. These included problems within the State and their society such as equal taxation, allowing more power to the third estate, and human rights. The demands in the cahiers were became radical because they were not being properly addressed because of the crisis in voting procedure of the Estates General. As society became more liberal, it became necessary for voting procedures to change. The people represented by the third estate were finally becoming desperate for change. They were not alone. Liberal priests also sided with the third estate, and it became more than a simple division of class. A 6 week fight began over voting procedures. Many historians say that this crisis could have been avoided if they had compromised and didn’t argue for so long. As society became more liberal, it was realized that the voting procedures needed to change. <span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">  <span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">The third estate was alloted 300 extra people to vote in the estates general. At this time, each estate was still only given one vote, giving the third estate no advantage. They did not realize they were being unfairly represented. It can be assumed that because the third estate was so desperate, they felt fairly treated with such a seemingly big change. The Abbe sieyes was a French clergy man who <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">wrote “Who is the Third Estate?” to discuss the importance of the third estate in janruary 1789.. His pamphlet helped give the third estate the representation they wanted. They now understood how unfair the voting system really was and they were determined to fix it. Until now, all the estates had met separately to decide on issues, but they came to the conclusion that, in order to make any progress, they needed to meet and work together. They then declared themselves a National Assembly instead of the Estates General. In the National Assembly everyone got a vote and no one was restricted to vote with any estate. It was a bunch of people with their own opinion being heard. King Louis XVI tried to resist the change, but it did no good. This led to the Tennis Court Oath on June 20, 1789. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">
 * //Question For Cara: Make a judgement about the nobles. Did they miscalculate when they called the Estates General? Would they have been better off trying to make a deal with Necker?
 * //Questions For Megan://**

As society became more liberal, it was realized that the voting procedures needed to change. Why? <span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">The third estate didn’t realize it, but they were not being fairly represented in the Estates General. What makes you think they didn't realize it? Why did the third estate get "doubled" to 600 members? Who was Abbe Sieyes? Do you have dates for the events that led up to the Tennis Court Oath?//**
 * //How radical were the demands in the cahiers?

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> Tennis Court Oath: <span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Nicole On June 20, 1789, an Estates-General meeting was to be held with king Louis XVI and the Third Estate to solve the problems that they were faced with everyday. King Louis XVI never did show up to the meeting though, because his secretary forgot to write down the event. <span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">After the deputies of the Third Estate found themselves locked out of the meeting room, they assumed that the king had ignored their planned gathering. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> The men then congregated at <span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> a tennis court <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> near the Palace of Versailles, while s <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">ome of the members wanted to flee to Paris, some wanted to follow the oath. Honoré Marabeau helped the Tennis Court Oath become a success. He was a French writer and statesman, who was a conservative and favored a constitutional monarchy. Sarah <span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> <span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> <span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">           <span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> <span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">  <span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Abbe Sieyes and Honoré Mirabeau led the <span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">  <span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">5 <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">76 out of the 577 members of the Third Estate, and a few members from the First Estate in taking an oath, and the group  <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">swore  <span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> to remain together  <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">until a constitution had been written, and to meet at whatever times they had to to accomplish this goal. They also helped consolidate national debt and decreased taxes. These men were now t   <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">he National Assembly, with this as their first act against the monarchy. Th <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">eir main goal was to establish a constitution and maintain public order. The Tennis Court Oath encouraged French citizens to rebel against the king, and it also led to the bread riots. Most importantly, it led to the writing of the first French Constitution of 1791. Jacques Louis David, a French artist, painted a scene of the Tennis Court Oath. He felt that this would inspire future generations about this event. <span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> <span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> <span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">
 * //Questions For Nicole:

What was Mirabeau's first name? Who was he? Explain the painting. Who painted it? What else did the National Assembly hope to accomplish? "Sarah" Abbe Sieyes? Man or woman?//** //How are you going to conclude this chapter? Can you get a video of a teacher summarizing the importance of these events? Come up with questions you could ask that when answered summed up the events that triggered the revolution.// <span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> <span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> <span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">             **<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> <span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">  <span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">
 * // Question to The Group:  //